{"id":134,"date":"2026-07-14T01:11:29","date_gmt":"2026-07-13T23:11:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gasmix.net\/?page_id=134"},"modified":"2026-08-04T14:12:02","modified_gmt":"2026-08-04T12:12:02","slug":"gas-technology-glossary","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/gasmix.net\/index.php\/gas-technology-glossary\/","title":{"rendered":"Gas Technology Glossary"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"134\" class=\"elementor elementor-134\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f1b4979 e-con e-atomic-element e-flexbox-base e-f1b4979-bdc1414 \" data-id=\"f1b4979\" data-element_type=\"e-flexbox\" data-e-type=\"e-flexbox\" data-interaction-id=\"f1b4979\" data-e-type=\"e-flexbox\" data-id=\"f1b4979\">\n    \t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b6d7f9b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b6d7f9b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">SNG, LPG, CO\u2082, Argon, Biomethane &amp; Industrial Gas Terms<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 data-interaction-id=\"ed2b70e\" class=\"e-ed2b70e-4b56609 e-heading-base\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"ed2b70e\" ><strong>Gas Technology Glossary<\/strong><\/h1>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"e-b1f99c0-48c1fce e-paragraph-base\" data-interaction-id=\"b1f99c0\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"b1f99c0\">This glossary defines key technical terms in gas technology. Topics covered include gas mixing systems, synthetic natural gas (SNG)   production, biomethane conditioning, LPG vaporization, and CO\u2082 and argon supply systems. Definitions are based on applicable EN and   ISO standards.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"e-ca928b2-2f69989 e-paragraph-base\" data-interaction-id=\"ca928b2\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"ca928b2\">GasGenix applies these definitions across all stages of project delivery - from system concept and engineering design through to   commissioning, service, and energy performance analysis.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-766fde9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-accordion\" data-id=\"766fde9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;default_state&quot;:&quot;expanded&quot;,&quot;max_items_expended&quot;:&quot;one&quot;,&quot;n_accordion_animation_duration&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;ms&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:400,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-accordion\" aria-label=\"Accordion. Open links with Enter or Space, close with Escape, and navigate with Arrow Keys\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1240\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" open>\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"1\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1240\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> 1. Gas Types &amp; Fuels <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1240\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a1b3014 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a1b3014\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-abd242b e-con e-atomic-element e-div-block-base e-abd242b-02c74ef \" data-id=\"abd242b\" data-element_type=\"e-div-block\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-interaction-id=\"abd242b\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-id=\"abd242b\">\n    \t\t\t<h2 data-interaction-id=\"c62d74f\" class=\"e-c62d74f-8ce481f e-heading-base\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"c62d74f\">LPG - Liquefied Petroleum Gas<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"e-paragraph-base\" data-interaction-id=\"cea4a88\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"cea4a88\">LPG is a mixture of liquefied hydrocarbon gases. It consists primarily of propane (C\u2083H\u2088) and butane (C\u2084H\u2081\u2080), in variable proportions. Additionally, itmay contain isobutane and n-butane. The mixture is derived from petroleum refining. At ambient temperature and pressure, LPG exists as a gas.However, under moderate pressure it liquefies, enabling efficient storage and transport.<\/p>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f4b1497 e-con e-atomic-element e-div-block-base e-f4b1497-d152b69 \" data-id=\"f4b1497\" data-element_type=\"e-div-block\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-interaction-id=\"f4b1497\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-id=\"f4b1497\">\n    \t\t\t<h2 data-interaction-id=\"65682eb\" class=\"e-65682eb-c25debe e-heading-base\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"65682eb\">Propane (Technical Grade)<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"e-paragraph-base\" data-interaction-id=\"1eec809\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"1eec809\">Technical propane contains approximately 95% (v\/v) propane (C\u2083H\u2088). The remaining 5% (v\/v) is n-butane (n-C\u2084H\u2081\u2080). In addition, trace quantities ofother hydrocarbons may be present. All composition data are specified in the supplier\u2019s quality documentation. As a result of its high propanecontent, technical propane is the primary fuel used in SNG production and LPG enrichment systems.<\/p>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-79e53c3 e-con e-atomic-element e-div-block-base e-79e53c3-eb42d73 \" data-id=\"79e53c3\" data-element_type=\"e-div-block\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-interaction-id=\"79e53c3\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-id=\"79e53c3\">\n    \t\t\t<h2 data-interaction-id=\"08ad42e\" class=\"e-08ad42e-36c2f2b e-heading-base\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"08ad42e\">bioLPG - Renewable Liquefied Petroleum Gas<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"e-paragraph-base\" data-interaction-id=\"df3bb19\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"df3bb19\">bioLPG is chemically identical to conventional LPG in composition and properties. However, it is produced from renewable biomass sources.These sources include vegetable oils, animal fats, glycerol, sugars, and organic waste streams. Furthermore, bioLPG is a direct drop-inreplacement for fossil LPG. Therefore, it can be used in all LPG applications - including SNG production and backup gas systems - withoutsystem modifications. As a result, it significantly reduces lifecycle CO\u2082 emissions.<\/p>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a3f4aa4 e-con e-atomic-element e-div-block-base e-a3f4aa4-141b045 \" data-id=\"a3f4aa4\" data-element_type=\"e-div-block\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-interaction-id=\"a3f4aa4\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-id=\"a3f4aa4\">\n    \t\t\t<h2 data-interaction-id=\"5110792\" class=\"e-5110792-8dae465 e-heading-base\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"5110792\">SNG - Synthetic Natural Gas<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"e-paragraph-base\" data-interaction-id=\"acc44a0\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"acc44a0\">SNG is produced on-site by blending LPG with compressed air. The mixing ratio is precisely controlled in a gas mixer. Specifically, the ratio iscalibrated to achieve a Wobbe Index equivalent to natural gas. The key engineering principle is: NG = SNG (LPG + AIR). As a result, SNG canreplace natural gas in industrial burners without burner modification or reconfiguration. Moreover, the switchover is seamless and does notinterrupt production.<\/p>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c99ba4d e-con e-atomic-element e-div-block-base e-c99ba4d-a482277 \" data-id=\"c99ba4d\" data-element_type=\"e-div-block\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-interaction-id=\"c99ba4d\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-id=\"c99ba4d\">\n    \t\t\t<h2 data-interaction-id=\"a3586ff\" class=\"e-a3586ff-5fb5350 e-heading-base\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"a3586ff\">bioSNG - Bio Synthetic Natural Gas<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"e-paragraph-base\" data-interaction-id=\"817f434\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"817f434\">bioSNG is produced from biopropane (bioLPG) and air. It is the renewable equivalent of conventional SNG. Therefore, it delivers the samecombustion performance as natural gas. In addition, bioSNG enables progressive decarbonisation of industrial gas supply. Specifically, it replacesfossil LPG with a renewable fuel - without requiring burner replacement or process reconfiguration.<\/p>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1241\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"2\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1241\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> 2. Combustion &amp; Energy Parameters <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1241\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c810763 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c810763\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9ba9bda e-con e-atomic-element e-div-block-base e-9ba9bda-c73a428 \" data-id=\"9ba9bda\" data-element_type=\"e-div-block\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-interaction-id=\"9ba9bda\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-id=\"9ba9bda\">\n    \t\t\t<h2 data-interaction-id=\"41871d4\" class=\"e-41871d4-a92c7ae e-heading-base\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"41871d4\">Gross Calorific Value (GCV) - Heat of Combustion<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"e-paragraph-base\" data-interaction-id=\"24d2f0f\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"24d2f0f\">The Gross Calorific Value (GCV) is the heat released by complete combustion of a specified gas quantity. The combustion occurs at constantpressure. All products are returned to the initial temperature. Water condenses to liquid state. Furthermore, GCV is the primary parameter forenergy billing and gas quality certification. It is expressed in MJ\/Nm\u00b3 at standard reference conditions (0\u00b0C \/ 101.325 kPa).<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"e-e612d16-85f7e11 e-paragraph-base\" data-interaction-id=\"e612d16\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"e612d16\">Source: EN ISO 6976:2016 - Natural gas - Calculation of calorific values, density, relative density and Wobbe indices from composition.<\/p>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2ce5813 e-con e-atomic-element e-div-block-base e-2ce5813-2f174f9 \" data-id=\"2ce5813\" data-element_type=\"e-div-block\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-interaction-id=\"2ce5813\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-id=\"2ce5813\">\n    \t\t\t<h2 data-interaction-id=\"aaa4e70\" class=\"e-aaa4e70-ea66a48 e-heading-base\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"aaa4e70\">Superior Wobbe Index (Ws) - Upper Wobbe Index<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"e-paragraph-base\" data-interaction-id=\"e747c2e\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"e747c2e\">The Superior Wobbe Index (Ws) is the gross calorific value per unit volume. It is divided by the square root of the relative density. Both values aremeasured at the same reference conditions. In particular, the Wobbe Index is the fundamental parameter for combustion interchangeability. Twogases with the same Wobbe Index produce the same heat output through the same orifice at the same pressure. Therefore, it is the key parameterin gas mixing system design.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"e-paragraph-base\" data-interaction-id=\"c1ce0b0\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"c1ce0b0\">Typical values: Natural Gas (H-gas): 48\u201352 MJ\/Nm\u00b3 | SNG (LPG+AIR, 60% LPG): \u2248 52 MJ\/Nm\u00b3.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"e-2b7ffb3-41ccb52 e-paragraph-base\" data-interaction-id=\"2b7ffb3\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"2b7ffb3\">Source: ISO 6976:2016 - Natural gas - Calculation of calorific values, density, relative density and Wobbe indices from composition.<\/p>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1242\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"3\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1242\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> 3. Gas Mixing Systems &amp; Components <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1242\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-41205da e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"41205da\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3dc32fc e-con e-atomic-element e-div-block-base e-3dc32fc-b8d3a3f \" data-id=\"3dc32fc\" data-element_type=\"e-div-block\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-interaction-id=\"3dc32fc\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-id=\"3dc32fc\">\n    \t\t\t<h2 data-interaction-id=\"55db60e\" class=\"e-55db60e-afe51a1 e-heading-base\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"55db60e\">Reference Gas (Base Gas)<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"e-paragraph-base\" data-interaction-id=\"9d58550\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"9d58550\">The reference gas is the primary fuel of the process gas supply. All mixing system parameters are referenced to it. Specifically, the Wobbe Index(Ws) of the reference gas defines the target values for the mixed gas output. Furthermore, the reference gas determines the selection and controlsettings of the mixing system. As a result, the blended output delivered to end-use appliances is always calibrated to match the reference gasquality.<\/p>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0bd4104 e-con e-atomic-element e-div-block-base e-0bd4104-6379af3 \" data-id=\"0bd4104\" data-element_type=\"e-div-block\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-interaction-id=\"0bd4104\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-id=\"0bd4104\">\n    \t\t\t<h2 data-interaction-id=\"cc2e8b0\" class=\"e-cc2e8b0-fea4ddd e-heading-base\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"cc2e8b0\">Corrective Gas<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"e-paragraph-base\" data-interaction-id=\"1de532d\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"1de532d\">The corrective gas is dosed into the reference gas within the mixing system. Its purpose is to condition and stabilise fuel parameters at the outlet.Specifically, it regulates gross calorific value (Hs), Wobbe Index (Ws), and methane number. Furthermore, the corrective gas may be enriching ordiluting. For example, propane\/LPG\/bioLPG increases calorific value. In contrast, air or nitrogen reduces it. Therefore, the choice of corrective gasdepends on the target gas quality specification.<\/p>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0a4326d e-con e-atomic-element e-div-block-base e-0a4326d-bc4a23f \" data-id=\"0a4326d\" data-element_type=\"e-div-block\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-interaction-id=\"0a4326d\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-id=\"0a4326d\">\n    \t\t\t<h2 data-interaction-id=\"f953590\" class=\"e-f953590-1f85d40 e-heading-base\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"f953590\">Gas Mixer<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"e-paragraph-base\" data-interaction-id=\"7ea7b8d\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"7ea7b8d\">A gas mixer combines two or more gas streams into a homogeneous mixture. It provides controlled dosing of all components. Additionally, itensures uniform concentration distribution across the flow cross-section. Moreover, the mixer maintains stability of mixture parameters over time.These include gross calorific value and Wobbe Index. Furthermore, all GasGenix gas mixers comply with ATEX and PED requirements for use inpotentially explosive atmospheres.<\/p>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b9990e8 e-con e-atomic-element e-div-block-base e-b9990e8-26823d7 \" data-id=\"b9990e8\" data-element_type=\"e-div-block\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-interaction-id=\"b9990e8\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-id=\"b9990e8\">\n    \t\t\t<h2 data-interaction-id=\"3bd61a0\" class=\"e-3bd61a0-9e277e0 e-heading-base\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"3bd61a0\">Static Mixer<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"e-paragraph-base\" data-interaction-id=\"fd1132f\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"fd1132f\">A static mixer has no moving parts. Mixing is achieved solely through the flow geometry. Specifically, baffles and mixing inserts force repeatedstream separation and recombination. As a result, turbulence and dispersion increase significantly. Therefore, a static mixer achieves uniformconcentration distribution across the flow cross-section. Additionally, it minimises fluctuations in mixture parameters at the outlet. However, thedesign must maintain an acceptable pressure drop.<\/p>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1243\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"4\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1243\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> 4. Measurement Conditions &amp; Standards <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1243\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8dbb65e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8dbb65e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-01e2f46 e-con e-atomic-element e-div-block-base e-01e2f46-4250409 \" data-id=\"01e2f46\" data-element_type=\"e-div-block\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-interaction-id=\"01e2f46\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-id=\"01e2f46\">\n    \t\t\t<h2 data-interaction-id=\"b76c82f\" class=\"e-b76c82f-b308395 e-heading-base\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"b76c82f\">Normal Conditions (Nm\u00b3)<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"e-paragraph-base\" data-interaction-id=\"126eb84\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"126eb84\">Normal conditions are the standard reference conditions used in the gas industry. Gas volume and low are expressed as Nm\u00b3. Energy quantitiesare expressed as MJ\/Nm\u00b3. Specifically, the reference conditions are: absolute pressure 101.325 kPa and temperature 273.15 K (0\u00b0C). Therefore, allGasGenix system flow data are expressed in Nm\u00b3\/h at these standard conditions.<\/p>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0a26bfd e-con e-atomic-element e-div-block-base e-0a26bfd-416068b \" data-id=\"0a26bfd\" data-element_type=\"e-div-block\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-interaction-id=\"0a26bfd\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-id=\"0a26bfd\">\n    \t\t\t<h2 data-interaction-id=\"f68c81f\" class=\"e-f68c81f-2619bcd e-heading-base\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"f68c81f\">Combustion Reference Conditions<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"e-paragraph-base\" data-interaction-id=\"294b497\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"294b497\">Combustion reference conditions define the temperature and pressure at which fuel is assumed to be burned. In Poland, these conditions are 25\u00b0Cand 101.325 kPa. Furthermore, these values are mandatory for correct energy billing and gas quality certification.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"e-ea1b267-3edb466 e-paragraph-base\" data-interaction-id=\"ea1b267\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"ea1b267\">Source: ISO 6976:2016 - Natural gas - Calculation of calorific values, density, relative density and Wobbe indices from composition.<\/p>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e92174f e-con e-atomic-element e-div-block-base e-e92174f-f1bf286 \" data-id=\"e92174f\" data-element_type=\"e-div-block\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-interaction-id=\"e92174f\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-id=\"e92174f\">\n    \t\t\t<h2 data-interaction-id=\"b37be32\" class=\"e-b37be32-d89981b e-heading-base\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"b37be32\">Working (Operating) Conditions<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"e-paragraph-base\" data-interaction-id=\"30b13ee\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"30b13ee\">Working conditions describe the actual state of gas at a measurement point. They are defined by at least pressure (absolute) and temperature.Additionally, gas composition and compressibility factor may be required. As a result, conversion between working conditions and normalconditions requires PTZ calculation.<\/p>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-272bb70 e-con e-atomic-element e-div-block-base e-272bb70-3745fb5 \" data-id=\"272bb70\" data-element_type=\"e-div-block\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-interaction-id=\"272bb70\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-id=\"272bb70\">\n    \t\t\t<h2 data-interaction-id=\"e0ecd11\" class=\"e-e0ecd11-18aeaab e-heading-base\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"e0ecd11\">PTZ Conversion (Pressure-Temperature-Compressibility)<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"e-paragraph-base\" data-interaction-id=\"cb604be\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"cb604be\">PTZ conversion calculates gas volume as a function of pressure, temperature, and compressibility factor. Therefore, it converts measurementsfrom working conditions to Nm\u00b3. Moreover, PTZ conversion is essential for accurate energy metering and billing in gas mixing systems.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"e-9b517bc-fa3e30c e-paragraph-base\" data-interaction-id=\"9b517bc\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"9b517bc\">Source: EN 12405-1:2022, clause 1<\/p>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1244\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"5\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1244\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> 5. GasGenix Core Services <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1244\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dc7b951 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"dc7b951\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e2a15d5 e-con e-atomic-element e-div-block-base e-e2a15d5-ed31914 \" data-id=\"e2a15d5\" data-element_type=\"e-div-block\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-interaction-id=\"e2a15d5\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-id=\"e2a15d5\">\n    \t\t\t<h2 data-interaction-id=\"c09bb84\" class=\"e-c09bb84-36776ae e-heading-base\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"c09bb84\">Backup Gas System<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"e-paragraph-base\" data-interaction-id=\"740d18d\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"740d18d\">A backup gas system maintains gas supply continuity during NG network interruptions. GasGenix backup systems use SNG (propane-air or LPG-air) mixing technology. As a result, they ensure Wobbe Index compatibility with the reference gas and seamless process switchover.<\/p>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23013ca e-con e-atomic-element e-div-block-base e-23013ca-3ebcc8a \" data-id=\"23013ca\" data-element_type=\"e-div-block\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-interaction-id=\"23013ca\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-id=\"23013ca\">\n    \t\t\t<h2 data-interaction-id=\"d2a619f\" class=\"e-d2a619f-78a9a07 e-heading-base\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"d2a619f\">Biomethane Enrichment System<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"e-paragraph-base\" data-interaction-id=\"b40489c\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"b40489c\">A biomethane enrichment system conditions raw biomethane by injecting propane or LPG. This increases calorific value and Wobbe Index tonatural gas grid levels. Furthermore, GasGenix systems include precision flow control and real-time Wobbe Index monitoring. All components areATEX-compliant and designed to EN 16723:2017.<\/p>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c4279a2 e-con e-atomic-element e-div-block-base e-c4279a2-81eaf94 \" data-id=\"c4279a2\" data-element_type=\"e-div-block\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-interaction-id=\"c4279a2\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-id=\"c4279a2\">\n    \t\t\t<h2 data-interaction-id=\"07652dc\" class=\"e-07652dc-a123794 e-heading-base\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"07652dc\">CO\u2082 Vaporization System<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"e-paragraph-base\" data-interaction-id=\"3208606\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"3208606\">A CO\u2082 vaporization system converts liquid carbon dioxide into gas for industrial applications. GasGenix systems use water bath vaporizers.Additionally, they include an integrated gas-fired boiler heating circuit, remote monitoring, and pressure safety systems. Specifically, the safetysystem prevents dry ice formation below the CO\u2082 triple point (5.18 bar \/ \u221278.5\u00b0C). Therefore, the system operates safely even at ambienttemperatures as low as \u221220\u00b0C.<\/p>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ad359ff e-con e-atomic-element e-div-block-base e-ad359ff-504c3e1 \" data-id=\"ad359ff\" data-element_type=\"e-div-block\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-interaction-id=\"ad359ff\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-id=\"ad359ff\">\n    \t\t\t<h2 data-interaction-id=\"2753b34\" class=\"e-2753b34-a22cc88 e-heading-base\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"2753b34\">OPEX Analysis - Gas Energy Analytics<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"e-paragraph-base\" data-interaction-id=\"f0c234e\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"f0c234e\">OPEX analysis is a comprehensive assessment of the ongoing costs of running a gas system. It covers fuel consumption, energy yield,maintenance, and service. Furthermore, GasGenix provides OPEX analysis to quantify the financial benefits of each system for the client\u2019s specificprocess parameters. As a result, clients receive a clear, data-driven business case before committing to investment.<\/p>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1245\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"6\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1245\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> 6. GasGenix System Types - Technical Descriptions <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1245\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff8a92f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ff8a92f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"e-paragraph-base\" data-interaction-id=\"c5c23a3\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"c5c23a3\">The following descriptions cover the principal gas system types engineered by GasGenix. Each system is defined by its process principle, technicalparameters, and typical industrial applications. Furthermore, all systems comply with EN ATEX, PED, and GasGenix internal specifications.<\/p>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0913d0b e-con e-atomic-element e-div-block-base e-0913d0b-b9a1458 \" data-id=\"0913d0b\" data-element_type=\"e-div-block\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-interaction-id=\"0913d0b\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-id=\"0913d0b\">\n    \t\t\t<h2 data-interaction-id=\"27b6ace\" class=\"e-27b6ace-d1739b8 e-heading-base\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"27b6ace\">Gas Backup System \/ SNG (LPG + Air) Blending System<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1030721 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1030721\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Process principle:<\/strong> NG = SNG (LPG + AIR) &#8211; Wobbe Index (MJ\/Nm\u00b3)This system produces SNG on-site from LPG and compressed air. The blending ratio is precisely controlled to match the Wobbe Index of naturalgas. As a result, the SNG output is fully combustion-interchangeable with NG. Therefore, no burner modification is required during switchover.<\/p><p><strong>Key technical parameters (SNG Blender):<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>Output capacity: 100 to 10,000 Nm\u00b3\/h (3,8\u2013380 MMBTU\/h)<\/li><li>Mixing precision: up to \u00b11.00% accuracy<\/li><li>Operating temperature: \u221220\u00b0C to +60\u00b0C<\/li><li>Operating pressure (inlet): 1 to 11 bar | Outlet (SNG): 1 to 10 bar<\/li><li>Connections: DN 25\u2013150 (inlet) \/ DN 50\u2013300 (SNG outlet)<\/li><li>Compliance: EN ATEX, PED | Fuels: propane, butane, bioLPG, DME<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>Main equipment:<\/strong> LPG tank \u2192 pump \u2192 containerised vaporization station \u2192 SNG blender \u2192 buffer tanks (optional) \u2192 peak shaving \u2192 process supply.<\/p><p><em><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Glass factories, power plants, CHP units, metallurgical plants, food manufacturing, gas operators, biomethane plants, and district heating <\/em><em>&#8211; wherever NG pipeline connection is uneconomical or impossible.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73f3a87 e-con e-atomic-element e-div-block-base e-73f3a87-1ded2e8 \" data-id=\"73f3a87\" data-element_type=\"e-div-block\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-interaction-id=\"73f3a87\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-id=\"73f3a87\">\n    \t\t\t<h2 data-interaction-id=\"698d0f6\" class=\"e-698d0f6-0061617 e-heading-base\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"698d0f6\">Methane Number Stabilization System (Syngas + CH\u2084)<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a2d1ec6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a2d1ec6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Process principle:<\/strong> Syngas + NG (or Biomethane) = Stable Methane Number (MN).<br \/>The methane number (MN) quantifies knock resistance of gaseous fuels in gas engines. It is analogous to the octane number for liquid fuels. Pure<br \/>methane has MN = 100; hydrogen has MN = 0. Furthermore, a low or unstable MN causes engine knock, increased wear, and unplanned<br \/>shutdowns.<\/p><p><strong>Real-world MN values:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>Pyrolysis gas A: MN = 35 =&gt; CH\u2084 9.69%, H\u2082 60.42%, CO 17.8%<\/li><li>Pyrolysis gas B: MN = 47 =&gt; CH\u2084 13.38%, H\u2082 36.2%, CO 23.66%<\/li><li>Syngas: MN = 23 =&gt; CH\u2084 18.95%, C\u2082H\u2086 13.52%, C\u2083H\u2088 21.18%<\/li><li>Target after NG stabilization: MN 40\u201350 &#8211; safe range for gas engines<\/li><\/ul><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><em><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Industrial CHP plants, biomass gasification, waste-to-energy, pyrolysis gas utilisation.<\/em><\/p><p>Therefore, the GasGenix stabilization system injects NG or biomethane as a corrective stream. The control system adjusts the blending ratio in<br \/>real time. As a result, the MN remains stable within the engine\u2019s operating range.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fad3e4a e-con e-atomic-element e-div-block-base e-fad3e4a-20283ec \" data-id=\"fad3e4a\" data-element_type=\"e-div-block\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-interaction-id=\"fad3e4a\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-id=\"fad3e4a\">\n    \t\t\t<h2 data-interaction-id=\"0739df3\" class=\"e-0739df3-eae2790 e-heading-base\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"0739df3\">Heating Value Stabilization \/ Enrichment System (NG + LPG)<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-71be054 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"71be054\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Process principle:<\/strong> NG + LPG \u2192 Heating Value \u2191 (MJ\/Nm\u00b3).<\/p><p>This system doses LPG (propane or propane\/butane) into a natural gas stream. The purpose is to increase or stabilise the gross calorific value<br \/>(GCV) and Wobbe Index. As a result, the enriched gas meets the quality requirements of industrial end-use appliances.<\/p><p><strong>Verified calculation example:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>Reference gas (NG Lw): 35.87 MJ\/Nm\u00b3 | Blended with 9.48% propane (100.53 MJ\/Nm\u00b3)<\/li><li>Target mixture: 42.00 MJ\/Nm\u00b3 | Wobbe Index: 50.58 MJ\/Nm\u00b3 (within H-gas spec)<\/li><li>Total flow: 3,314 Nm\u00b3\/h (3,000 Nm\u00b3\/h NG + 314 Nm\u00b3\/h LPG)<\/li><\/ul><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><em><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Gas distribution operators, glass and metallurgical industry, biomethane injection, peakshaving installations.<\/em><\/p><p>Furthermore, this system is widely used for biomethane grid injection, where raw biomethane GCV must be uplifted to H-gas network specification.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a394b1 e-con e-atomic-element e-div-block-base e-5a394b1-e2fb5a7 \" data-id=\"5a394b1\" data-element_type=\"e-div-block\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-interaction-id=\"5a394b1\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-id=\"5a394b1\">\n    \t\t\t<h2 data-interaction-id=\"0efbab1\" class=\"e-0efbab1-82e4da0 e-heading-base\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"0efbab1\">Energy Flow Control Gas Blending System (SNG + NG)<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5e0626b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5e0626b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Process principle:<\/strong> NG (limited) + SNG = defined energy output (kWh).<\/p><p>This system supplements a capacity-limited NG connection with SNG. The purpose is to achieve a defined energy flow rate (kWh\/h) at the process<br \/>inlet. Therefore, it is used where the NG network connection is insufficient for peak demand.<\/p><p><strong>Verified calculation example:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>NG (Group E, 41 MJ\/Nm\u00b3): 1,000 Nm\u00b3\/h available \u2192 supplemented with 797.79 Nm\u00b3\/h SNG<\/li><li>Target energy output: 25,000 kWh | Wobbe Index of mixture: 53.22 MJ\/Nm\u00b3<\/li><li>Blending ratio: 55.62% NG + 44.38% SNG.<\/li><\/ul><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><em><strong>Applications:<\/strong> Industrial heating, glass furnaces, drying lines, food processing, and any facility with insufficient NG connection capacity.<\/em><\/p><p>Furthermore, the system enables precise energy accounting and OPEX optimisation. As a result, clients achieve a lower blended gas cost<br \/>compared to 100% SNG supply.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2cdafec e-con e-atomic-element e-div-block-base e-2cdafec-0213ac0 \" data-id=\"2cdafec\" data-element_type=\"e-div-block\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-interaction-id=\"2cdafec\" data-e-type=\"e-div-block\" data-id=\"2cdafec\">\n    \t\t\t<h2 data-interaction-id=\"5d2ded8\" class=\"e-5d2ded8-84202b3 e-heading-base\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"5d2ded8\">CO\u2082 Reduction (Decarbonization) Fuel Blending System<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f79395 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7f79395\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Process principle:<\/strong><\/p><ol><li>BioSNG + NG = CO\u2082 reduction;<\/li><li>BioSNG + SNG = CO\u2082 reduction.<\/li><\/ol><ul><li>Natural gas (NG): 55.73 kgCO\u2082\/GJ &#8211; 39.00 MJ\/Nm\u00b3.<\/li><li>LPG (95% propane): 63.10 kgCO\u2082\/GJ &#8211; 100.53 MJ\/Nm\u00b3.<\/li><li>bioLPG: 9.20 kgCO\u2082\/GJ &#8211; identical energy content to LPG, renewable origin.<\/li><li>Verified result &#8211; BioSNG 34.31% + NG 65.69%: CO\u2082 reduction 30.00% vs 100% NG.<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>CO\u2082 emission reference data (KOBIZE):<\/strong><\/p><ol><li>Configuration A &#8211; Biomethane + SNG: Biomethane (from biogas upgrading) is injected into the SNG stream. This reduces the fossil carbon<br \/>fraction of the backup gas supply.<\/li><li>Configuration B &#8211; BioPropane + AIR = BioSNG + NG: Renewable biopropane is blended with air to produce BioSNG. It is then injected into the<br \/>NG stream. Therefore, this configuration enables renewable backup supply without a biomethane grid connection.<\/li><\/ol><p><em>Source: EU RED III 2023\/2413; KOBIZE.<\/em><\/p><p>This system injects renewable gaseous fuels into the fossil gas stream. Specifically, it blends biomethane or bioSNG into natural gas or SNG. As a<br \/>result, the carbon intensity of the fuel decreases proportionally to the renewable fuel blending ratio.<\/p><p>Furthermore, two system configurations are available:<\/p><p>Additionally, the system provides full data logging for EU ETS, CBAM, ESG\/CSRD-ESRS, and RED III compliance reporting.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>SNG, LPG, CO\u2082, Argon, Biomethane &amp; Industrial Gas Terms Gas Technology Glossary This glossary defines key technical terms in gas technology. Topics covered include gas mixing systems, synthetic natural gas (SNG) production, biomethane conditioning, LPG vaporization, and CO\u2082 and argon supply systems. Definitions are based on applicable EN and ISO standards. GasGenix applies these definitions [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-134","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gasmix.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/134","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gasmix.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gasmix.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gasmix.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gasmix.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=134"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/gasmix.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/134\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":193,"href":"https:\/\/gasmix.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/134\/revisions\/193"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gasmix.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=134"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}